Download the free book at itunes.apple.com See Kevin Ahern's full course at oregonstate.edu This course can be taken for credit (wherever you live) via OSU's ecampus. For details, see ecampus.oregonstate.edu Download Metabolic Melodies at www.davincipress.com Related courses include BB 350 - oregonstate.edu BB 451 - oregonstate.edu BB 100 - oregonstate.edu Topics covered include amino acid structure/function, pH, pKa, pI, charge, ions, ionization, buffers, buffering capacity, proteins, shape, and zwitterions. 1. Molecules can have more than one buffering region. Alanine, for example has two pKas, one for the carboxyl group and one for the amine group. 2. A buffer system will be at maximum capacity when the concentration of the undissociated acid (HA) equals that of the salt (A-)- (Acid = Salt). 3. Amine systems (also in amino acids) have two forms: NH3+ and NH2. Note that the NH3+ is the acid and NH2 is the salt in my nomenclature. Carboxyl systems have two forms too. COOH has no charge and when it loses its proton, COO- has a negative one charge. 4. The Henderson Hasselbalch equation tells us we can predict the ratio of salt to acid as a function of pH if we know the pKa. Consequently, we can predict the charge on amino acids in a protein as the pH changes. 5. The value of the Henderson Hasselbalch equation is that by knowing the pH and the pKa of a molecule, the approximate charge of it in solution can be determined. 6. Protein structure dictates protein function. The ...
Explains the biochemical steps that lead to a nerve impulse being sent to the brain in response to the absorption of a photon in a rod cell.
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